DNA Reverse Complement, Translate & ORF Finder
Reverse complement, translation, six-frame ORF finding, GC content, restriction digest with Dam/Dcm methylation screening, and codon optimisation.
How it works
Provides reverse complement, frame-1 translation, six-frame open reading frame detection, whole-sequence GC content, a restriction digest with Dam/Dcm methylation screening, and codon optimisation against a human usage table. Paste a sequence directly; the gene-symbol lookup belongs to the CRISPR designer, not this tool.
Frequently asked questions
How do I find open reading frames in a DNA sequence?
Translate the sequence in all six reading frames — three forward and three on the reverse complement — and look for stretches that begin with a start codon (ATG) and run to a stop codon (TAA, TAG or TGA) without interruption. Longer uninterrupted frames are more likely to be genuine coding regions; in eukaryotic genomic DNA, remember that introns will break a true coding sequence across frames.
What is codon optimisation and when does it help?
Codon optimisation rewrites a coding sequence to use the synonymous codons most frequent in the expression host, without changing the protein. It can substantially raise yield when expressing a gene across species — a human gene in E. coli, for instance. It is not always beneficial: rare codons sometimes pace translation in ways that matter for folding, and optimisation can inadvertently create unwanted splice sites or secondary structure.